Introductory Note

2

FROM RODRIGUEZ TO RAÇA

3

VOICES

10

Racism in Brazil

10

Sueli Carneiro

10

Antônio Sérgio Guimarães

12

Hélio Santos

13

Benedita da Silva

13

Construction of Race and Racism

14

Manning Marable

14

Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa

16

Alex Boraine

16

Mahmood Mamdani

18

African Renaissance

19

Njabulo S. Ndebele

19

Economic Inequality

21

Bernard Anderson

21

Neil Coleman

23

Melvin Oliver

26

Benedita da Silva

27

Vic Van Vuuren

29

Francis Wilson

30

Education

32

Caetana Damasceno

32

Jonathan Jensen

33

William Taylor

34

Communications / Media

36

Joel Zito Araújo

36

Sig Gissler

37

Shaun Johnson

39

Njabulo S. Ndebele

40

Affirmative Action

43

George Fredrickson

43

john a. powell

44

Hélio Santos

47

Christopher Edley, Jr.

47

Human Rights

49

José Gregori

49

Lynn Huntley

50

Gay McDougall

50

Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro

51

Barney Pityana

52

Franklin A Thomas

53

Religion

53

Robert Franklin

53

Letter from the Birmingham Jail

54

Women’s Movements

57

Vera Soares

57

Leslie Wolfe

57

Civil Society

59

Susan V. Berresford

59

Emmett D. Carson

61

Lessons

63

Neville Alexander

63

Barbara Arnwine

64

Christopher Edley, Jr.

66

Frene Ginwala

68

Antônio Sérgio Guimarães

73

Wilmot James

74

Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro

75

Gloria Steinem

75

Franklin A. Thomas

76

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

78

PHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS

79

INITIATIVE PUBLICATIONS

79

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES

80